How To Speak In Public (1906)
Title: “How To Speak In Public”
Author: GRENVILLE KLEISER
Publisher: FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK AND LONDON
Year of Publication: 1906
Pages: ~544
LOC Catalog Entry: http://lccn.loc.gov/unk82043598
Copyright Status: Public Domain in the United States and countries following the rule of the shorter term
PREFACE:
“The demand for this book, exhausting several editions in comparatively short time, testifies to the wide-spread interest in the subject of speech culture. There has never been a time when convincing and forceful speech exerted so great an influence as now in business, social, and public life. It is not too much to say that to speak well is a certain passport to success.
As many teachers and private students are now using this work, it is deemed desirable to offer some more specific directions for its use. Certain portions of the book have purposely been made suggestive rather than explanatory, thus compelling the pupil to solve some of the problems for himself.
The best procedure is to vary the work of each lesson. Fifteen minutes daily should be given to the practise of exercises in deep breathing, articulation, and voice culture, and forty-five minutes to the study of expression and reading, aloud.
Begin the deep breathing with Exercise 1, page 3, and practise it for at least five minutes daily. Continue this for a week. Endeavor to make the abdominal method of breathing an unconscious habit. Apply it as you walk along the street, in your conversation, and while lying down at night. Determine to keep your mouth closed. Take a new breathing exercise each week, and practise in moderation at first.
The work in articulation should begin with the set of syllables on page 14. Repeat these various combinations both horizontally and perpendicularly. Aim at accuracy at first, then at great rapidity. They should gradually commit themselves to memory. If you practise this exercise thoroughly, you will find that your lips, tongue, and palate will be rendered surprizingly flexible and responsive.
The pronunciation test on page 17, Exercise 25, is intended to stimulate the student’s interest in this subject, and to send him to his dictionary. The list of words on pages 20 to 23 may be augmented from the pupil’s reading and observation.
The voice-building exercises begin at page 26. Proceed slowly and thoroughly, taking one exercise each day. About seven weeks will be necessary in which to cover all the exercises to page 33, when they may be reviewed as often as may be necessary.
For study in expression take the various modulations, beginning with Quality at page 34, and practising one at a time until page 98 is reached. Frequently review the work. Then the student should proceed with the more advanced work in mental aspects, page 113, devoting two or three days to each division.
The study of gesture will be greatly simplified if the student will practise daily for a few minutes, before a looking-glass, the diagram on page 103. The object here is to train the arms to move in curves rather than in straight lines, and all unconsciously. Then proceed with the several sets of exercises, at page 104, taking one set of nine examples at a time. Read the directions very carefully.
For speech preparation begin at page 185 and read attentively all that is said to page 215. Mark with your pencil those parts that most impress you and which you desire particularly to remember. Prepare several original speeches according to the directions set forth on page 196 and following pages.
Commit to memory as many of the short extracts as possible, and later do likewise with the full selections. This is one of the most valuable and important branches of the work. In this way not only will the mind of the student be stored with some of the richest specimens of English, but he will find himself in possession of valuable material for use in public speaking.
Practise daily, at least fifteen minutes, the various preliminary exercises, and give such additional time as may be convenient to the reading aloud of exercises in modulation and the selections.
The selections for practise begin at page 219, but they need not be studied in consecutive order. The student’s taste and special requirements will guide him in this matter. It is usually better to begin with a simple reading, like “Simplicity and Greatness,” page 330, ” The Discontented Pendulum,” page 523, or “Oratory,” page 224, and proceed slowly to the more difficult numbers, such as “King Henry VIII,” page 346, “The Revenge,” page 390, and “The Death Penalty,” page 246.
These miscellaneous suggestions should be followed very carefully. Proceed slowly and systematically. Make the ground good as you go along. Do not be impatient for results. Check off each exercise as you do it and make it your own. Apply the results to your every-day life. Avoid pedantry. Favor the low keys of your voice. Cultivate and jealously guard the music of your speaking tones, and let no occasion seem so unimportant as to permit of careless or inaccurate speech.”
GRENVILLE KLEISER.
New York City,
May, 1910.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
PART ONE—MECHANICS OF ELOCUTION
I. BREATHING AND VOCAL HYGIENE 3-9
BREATHING EXERCISES 3
RELAXATION EXERCISES 5
VOCAL ORGANS 6
VOCAL HYGIENE 8
II. VOCAL EXPRESSION 10-25
ARTICULATION 10
TABLE OF ELEMENTARY SOUNDS 10
LIST OP WORDS FOR PRACTISE 12
ARTICULATION EXERCISES 14
MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES 16
EXERCISES IN ALLITERATION 19
WORDS FREQUENTLY MISPRONOUNCED … 20
VOCAL DEFECTS 24
III. VOICE CULTURE 26-33
PURITY 26
FLEXIBILITY AND COMPASS 27
BRILLIANCY 30
RESONANCE 31
VOLUME 31
IV. MODULATION 34-60
QUALITY 34
PITCH 53
V. MODULATION, CONTINUED 61-82
TIME 61
INFLECTION 71
FORGE 78
VI. MODULATION, CONTINUED 83-98
STRESS 83
RHYTHM 88
TRANSITION 91
CLIMAX 93
IMITATIVE MODULATION 96
VII. GESTURE 99-110
EXAMPLES 102
SUGGESTIONS 103
EXAMPLES 104
PART TWO—MENTAL ASPECTS
VIII. PAUSING 113-119
RULES FOR PAUSING 114
EXAMPLES 115
GENERAL EXERCISES 115
EMPHASIS 119-125
RULES FOR EMPHASIS 121
EXAMPLES 121
INFLECTION 125-131
USES OF INFLECTION 126
EXAMPLES 129
IX. PICTURING 132-138
EXAMPLES 133
CONCENTRATION 138-142
EXAMPLES 140
SPONTANEITY 143-145
EXAMPLES 143
X. CONVERSATION 146-151
EXAMPLES 47
SIMPLICITY 151-156
EXAMPLES 152
SINCERITY 156-159
AIM AND PURPOSE 159-163
XI. CONFIDENCE 164-166
EXAMPLES 164
EARNESTNESS 166-170
THE EMOTIONS 170-179
EXAMPLES 171
XII. BIBLE READING 180-181
PASSAGES FOB PRACTISE 181
PART THREE—PUBLIC SPEAKING
XIII. PREVIOUS PREPARATION 185-195
PHYSICAL 185-187
Health 185
Elocution 186
Appearance 187
MENTAL 187-192
General Knowledge 187
Memory 188
* Khetoric 188
Originality 190
Imagination 190
Personal Magnetism 192
Logical Instincts 192
Figures of Oratory 192
MORAL 193-195
Religion 193
XIII. PREVIOUS PREPARATION—MORAL.—(Continued)
Sympathy 193
Fearlessness 194
Self-renunciation 194
Perseverance and Industry …. 194
Strong Opinions and Convictions . . 195
XIV. PREPARATION OF THE SPEECH 196-200
GATHERING MATERIAL 196
ARRANGING MATERIAL 197
BRIEFING 198
COMMITTING 199
XV. DIVISIONS OF THE SPEECH 201-211
THE INTRODUCTION 201
THE DISCUSSION 205
THE CONCLUSION 209
XVI. DELIVERY OF THE SPEECH 212-215
THE AUDIENCE 212
THE BEGINNING 212
PROGRESS 213
THE CLIMAX 213
THE CLOSE 214
AFTERWARD . 214
GENERAL SUGGESTIONS 214
PART FOUR—SELECTIONS FOR PRACTISE
CLOSE OF THE ORATION ON THE CROWN . . Demosthenes 219
ORATORY Henry Ward Beecher 224
ON THE AMERICAN WAR Lord Chatham 229
IMPEACHMENT OF WARREN HASTINGS . . Edmund Burke 232
THE FORCE BILL John C. Calhoun 235
DEFENSE OF JOHN STOCKDALE Lord Erskine 237
ADDRESS TO THE YOUNG MEN OF ITALY . Joseph Mazzini 240
SOUTH CAROLINA AND MASSACHUSETTS . Daniel Webster 243
THE DEATH PENALTY Victor Hugo 246
OUR RELATIONS TO ENGLAND …. Edward Everett 248
REPLY TO HAYNE Daniel Webster 250
SPEECH OF SERJEANT BUZFUZ …. Charles Dickens 253
CATILINE’S DEFIANCE Rev. George Croly 257
CATILINE DENOUNCED Cicero 259
THE ELOQUENCE OF ADAMS Daniel Webster 261
THE POWER OF HABIT John B. Gough 266
INVECTIVE AGAINST CORRY Henry Grattan 269
TOUSSAINT L’OUVERTURE Wendell Phillips 271
THE SECRET OF LINCOLN’S POWER . . Henry Watterson 273
THE DEATH OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN . Henry Ward Beecher 276
INAUGURAL ADDRESS Theodore Roosevelt 278
A VISION OF WAR AND A VISION OF THE FUTURE . Ingersoll 281
GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH ! . . Patrick Henry 285
SECOND INAUGURAL ADDRESS …. Abraham Lincoln 289
FAREWELL ADDRESS George Washington 291
ON THE POLITICAL SITUATION . . . John James Ingalls 312
AGAINST CAPITAL PUNISHMENT …. Robespierre 325
SIMPLICITY AND GREATNESS Fenelon 330
SPEECH WHEN UNDER SENTENCE OF DEATH . Robert Emmet 337
KING HENRY VIII.,—ACT III, SCENE 2 . . Shakespeare 346
KING JOHN, PARTS OF ACTS III AND IV . . Shakespeare 350
JULIUS CESAR, ACT III, SCENE 2 …. Shakespeare 357
JULIUS CESAR, ACT IV, SCENE 3 …. Shakespeare 366
As You LIKE IT, ACT I, SCENE 3 …. Shakespeare 370
HAMLET, PART OF ACT V Shakespeare 374
OTHELLO, ACT I, SCENE 3 Shakespeare 380
THE SHIPWRECK Charles Dickens 384
COMO Joaquin Miller 386
THE REVENGE Alfred, Lord Tennyson 390
MAGDALENA; OR, THE SPANISH DUEL . . J. F. Waller 395
JEAN VALJEAN THE CONVICT Victor Hugo 402
THE REVOLUTIONARY RISING . . Thomas Buchanan Read 408
THE LEGEND OF THE ORGAN-BUILDER . . Julia C. B. Dorr 411
SHIPWRECKED Francois Coppee 415
THE FIRST SETTLER’S STORY Will Carleton 420
THE MONSTER CANNON Victor Hugo 426
TIME’S SILENT LESSON 436
THE BATTLE OF “WATERLOO Lord Byron 439
ODE ON SAINT CECILIA John Dryden 442
WILLIAM TELL Wm. Baine 444
THE DIVER Schiller 446
SCENE FROM “THE RIVALS” Sheridan 450
ON THE EXPUNGING RESOLUTIONS …. Henry Clay 454
SPARTACUS TO THE GLADIATORS AT CAPUA . . E. Kellogg 458
ON THE USE OF PRIVATE JUDGMENT . . J. H. Newman 460
PART OF LECTURE ON “EMERSON” . . Matthew Arnold 477
THE “CROSS OF GOLD” SPEECH . . . . W. J. Bryan 488
OWYHEE JOE’S STORY B. Wildman 498
THE YACHT CLUB SPEECH 503
THE TWO PICTURES 505
GOD G. B. Derzhavin 508
THE LITTLE STOWAWAY 511
ARNOLD WINKELREID James Montgomery 515
ON THE RAPPAHANNOCK 517
DEATH OF LITTLE JO Charles Dickens 520
THE DISCONTENTED PENDULUM …. Jane Taylor 523
THE MASQUERADE John G. Saxe 526
THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER F. S. Key 532
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